How to identify and get rid of azalea caterpillars

Have your azaleas been looking a little bare lately, with whole branches stripped of their leaves? If so, azalea caterpillars might be the culprit. These large, colorful caterpillars, known for their black bodies, yellow stripes, and red head, can quickly defoliate azalea bushes.

Azalea caterpillars are most active in late summer and early fall. Many people call them Labor Day moths since they are more likely to be found around September. It’s the caterpillar that does the damage to your favorite plants, and they aren’t hard to miss. If you spot these striking caterpillars munching away on your azaleas, taking action early can help save your plants from further damage.

Azalea caterpillars are relatively easy to identify due to their striking appearance. These caterpillars have black bodies with yellow stripes and bright red heads and legs, making them stand out against the green leaves of azalea plants. They often feed in groups, which can quickly lead to noticeable defoliation of azalea bushes. If you disturb them, they will rear back their heads and curl their bodies into a “C” shape for defensive purposes. As they grow bigger, they take on a darker color that is sometimes purple or black.

If you see groups of large, striped caterpillars devouring the leaves of your azalea plants, you likely have an infestation. The damage will be clear as they strip leaves down to the stems, leaving bare branches behind.

How big are azalea caterpillars?

Azalea caterpillars can grow up to 2 inches in length when fully mature.

They are primarily found in the southeastern United States, where azaleas are commonly grown in gardens and landscapes. You’ll most likely find azalea caterpillars on azalea bushes in your yard or garden. They target the leaves of azaleas, especially during late summer and early fall.

Managing azalea caterpillars doesn’t have to be difficult. Here are a few tips you can try to save your azaleas:

• Handpicking: Since they are often found in groups, handpicking azalea caterpillars off the plants and disposing of them is an effective control method.
• Pruning: Remove infested branches or leaves and dispose of them to reduce the caterpillar population.
• Maintain plant health: Proper care of your azaleas will help them spring back from the damage done to their leaves.
• Spraying with water: A strong spray of water can knock the caterpillars off your plants, making it harder for them to return and continue feeding.

Additionally, you can apply a perimeter spray around your home and property to keep the azalea moths away. Pestie offers a pro-grade DIY option that only takes a few minutes to apply and gives you great protection against invading pests.